Jan-Jun 2020
Volume 7 | Issue 1

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Table of Contents - Year 2020 | Month: Jan-Jun | Volume 7 | Issue 1

Schneiderian membrane and its significance in Oral Implants 10.30954/IJDMS.1.2020.1 Category - Editorial
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The Cross-sectional Morphology of the Mandible in the Premolar Region: A Retrospective Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study 10.30954/IJDMS.1.2020.2 Category - Original Article
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4836
  • Abstract
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    • Objectives: The objectives of this study were to examine variations in the cross-sectional morphology of the mandible at the premolar region. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and forty-three cone-beam computed tomography datasets, providing 486 sites, were reviewed to examine the cross-sectional morphology of the mandible in the premolar region. Results: A lingual concavity was detected in 14% of the sites examined. A buccal cavity was present in 17.9% of sites. In the presence of a buccal concavity, there was a statistically significant association between increased mandibular height (P = 0.002) and increased crest to neurovascular bundle distance (P < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the mandibular height or ridge crest to the neurovascular canal distance, where there was a lingual concavity. The most common cross-sectional shapes observed in the premolar region of the mandible were straight-convex (26.3%), convex-convex (24.1%), and straight-straight (21.6%). The least common shapes were convex-concave (10.1%) and concave-concave (3.9%). Conclusions: In this study, 28% of mandibular premolar sites had a concavity in the buccal and/or lingual cortical plate. It is clear that the lower premolar regions require considerable three-dimensional pre-implant planning not only due to the complex neurovascular elements but also due to the frequent presence of concavities in the buccal and/or lingual plates.
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Review of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons’ Imaging Use for Facial Trauma 10.30954/IJDMS.1.2020.3 Category - Original Article
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4605
  • Abstract
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    • Introduction: Diagnostic imaging plays a crucial role in assessing maxillofacial bone fractures, both preoperatively and postoperatively. Multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) is the current gold standard imaging modality in maxillofacial trauma; some of its benefits include fast scanning time, large field of view, and superior hard and soft-tissue details. There are limited data in current Australian literature regarding standardized imaging protocols for maxillofacial injuries. This paper aims to evaluate the current Australian oral and maxillofacial (OMF) surgeons’ preferred facial trauma imaging modalities, both pre and postoperatively and to review the current literature on diagnostic imaging use in maxillofacial trauma. Methods: A survey was created for 200 members of The Australian and New Zealand Association of OMF Surgeons. The questionnaire was primarily focused on the surgeon’s preferred pre-operative and post-operative imaging modalities in four clinical scenarios: “Mandibular fractures not involving condyles,” “mandibular fractures involving condyles,” “maxilla only fractures,” and “other midfacial bone fractures.” Results: MSCT was the surgeons’ most preferred pre-operative and post-operative imaging modality in all scenarios except in the “mandibular fractures not involving condyles” scenario, where two-dimensional imaging was the most preferred. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was the least preferred imaging
    modality overall. Conclusion: MSCT should remain as the gold standard imaging modality in pre-operative maxillofacial trauma imaging, particularly in mid-face trauma.
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Quality of Life in Patients with Dental Prosthesis in South Indian Population – Chennai, Tamil Nadu: An Epidemiological Survey 10.30954/IJDMS.1.2020.4 Category - Original Article
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  • Abstract
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    • A questionnaire consisting of approximately 9 questions is prepared individually for patients and circulated in specified locality and the responses given by the patients are statistically analysed to determine the awareness about “QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH DENTAL PROSTHESIS”. The patients are completely/partially edentulous and who are prosthesis wearers. About 179 patients were surveyed and analysed. Patients’ perceived Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) may be defined as a multidimensional construct incorporating at least three broad domains: physical, psychological and social functioning. In the dental field, assessment of an individual’s Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) has been exponentially increasing during the last decade to evaluate the impact of a disease or of treatment efficacy. Particularly in prosthodontics, several studies and systematic reviews have demonstrated that partial and conventional complete dentures significantly improved OHRQoL, especially concerning aesthetics and function. Qualities of life include the subjective sense of physical and/or mental well-being. In its broadest and most inclusive sense, it is sometimes referred to as “life satisfaction”. Bio-functionality tests are employed to investigate theprevalence of missing teeth and prosthodontic replacements in South Indian adult population using a hierarchical dental functional classification system. The paper aims to evaluate quality of life in patients with dental prosthesis done in south Indian population - Chennai, Tamilnadu: an epidemiological survey. The reasons for measuring HRQOL and functional status are that they provide a means of identifying and monitoring the impact of disease and interventions on the physical and mental health of elderly individuals as they themselves perceive this impact. Some of the causes of decreased HRQOL may be preventable and others are treatable with appropriate interventions. Short questionnaires that ask about these issues and are incorporated routinely into patient visits can provide information on HRQOL that alerts clinicians to changes that otherwise might go unrecognized. The number of “20 natural teeth” is the
    generally accepted WHO operative criterion for a functional natural dentition for adequate bio-functionality. In conclusion Quality of life is certainly disturbed in complete/partial edentulism. It includes in all aspect from psychological to functional.
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Significant Difference in the Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase Levels Across the Diagnostic Categories of Various Cardiac Diseases 10.30954/IJDMS.1.2020.5 Category - Research Article
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  • Abstract
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    • Background: Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), which generally reflects liver disease severity, has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Aim: This study aimed to explore the relationship between risk factors such as serum AST and across the various diagnostic categories of cardiac diseases. Materials and Methods: We recruited 227 cases of CVDs (complete heart block [CHB]-16, heart failure [HF]-22, myocardial infarction-169, and rheumatic heart disease [RHD]-20) who were admitted in cardiology ward which were taken as cases and age- and gender-matched healthy persons were taken as controls (n = 228). Serum AST activity estimation was performed using the commercially available kit on fully automated chemistry analyzer. Data are presented as median and interquartile range. Statistical analysis was done on SPSS 16.0 and Microsoft Excel. Difference in the level of AST across the diagnostic categories was calculated by Kruskal–Wallis test. P < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results and Conclusion: Statistically significant difference in the AST levels was observed across the diagnostic categories. The post-hoc Dunn test showed a significant difference in the mean of AST levels between cases with CHB and HF (P = 0.0018) and between cases of RHD and HF (P = 0.0004). In both cases, the median AST levels were higher in HF than in CHB and in RHD.
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Endodontic–orthodontic Interrelationships: A Clinician’s Guide 10.30954/IJDMS.1.2020.6 Category - Review Article
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  • Abstract
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    • The multidisciplinary approach to the management of clinical situations holds the utmost importance for the success of dental treatment. Endodontic involvement of cases undergoing orthodontic treatment is not uncommon. Similarly, orthodontic treatment of already endodontically treated teeth also poses challenges to the clinicians. This article discusses in brief such endodontic–orthodontic interrelationships and the guidelines for managing complex cases where both these streams of dentistry are involved.
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Association of mothers’ parenting practices and clinical and reported oral health outcomes in primary-school age girls 10.30954/IJDMS.1.2020.7 Category - Original Article
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  • Abstract
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    • Purpose: This study was to assess the relationship between mothers’ positive parenting, disciplining, and authoritative parenting practices and clinically assessed and child-reported oral health in a primary school-age girl. Methods: A crosssectional study included girls in primary schools in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia, in 2018. Clinical examination assessed caries experience in primary and permanent teeth, plaque, and gingivitis. The girls responded to questionnaires assessing sociodemographic background, dental behaviors, and reported oral health outcomes. Three questionnaires assessed the frequency of disciplining practices, positive parenting practices, and authoritative parenting. Multivariate general linear regression was used to assess the relationship between outcome variables (clinical and child-reported outcomes) and explanatory variables (parenting practices) controlling for confounders (sociodemographic variables and dental behaviors). Results: The response rate was 92.5% (284/307). The girls were 11 years on average, with 62% nonuniversity educated fathers and mothers. Frequent disciplining was associated with impact on daily life (B = 0.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.05, 0.65) and poorer perceived dental health (B = −0.20, 95% CI = −0.39, −0.001). Authoritative parenting was associated with fewer permanent teeth with caries experience (B = −0.07, 95% CI = −0.12, −0.02). Frequent positive parenting practices were associated with more sound primary teeth (B = 1.46, 95% CI= 0.15, 2.77), fewer sound permanent teeth (B = −2.66, 95% CI = −4.36, −0.96), and better perceived dental health (B = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.09, 0.60). Conclusion: Authoritative parenting was associated with good clinical oral health outcomes and frequent disciplining was negatively associated with child-reported outcomes. Frequent positive parenting practices had a positive association with the health of primary teeth but not permanent teeth.
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Nerve Conduction Study Findings in Ulnar-Median Nerve Intercommunications in the Upper Limb: A Short Review 10.30954/IJDMS.1.2020.8 Category - Review Article
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  • Abstract
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    • Intercommunications between ulnar and median nerves in the forearm and hand are a commonly encountered phenomenon. Clinicians should be aware of these communications for better diagnosis and management of the patient, as the clinical presentation can often be misleading. Surgeons should be aware of these anastomoses so as to prevent any iatrogenic injury during the course of treatment. Furthermore, these intercommunications can distort the findings on nerve conduction studies, leading to misinterpretation and misdiagnosis. In the forearm region, there are two prominent median-ulnar anastomoses, namely, Martin–Gruber anastomosis (MGA) and reverse MGA (Marinacci anastomosis). Similarly, in the palm too, there are two major anastomoses, namely, Riche–Cannieu anastomosis and Berrittini anastomosis. Here, in this review, we would like to emphasize on electrophysiological findings that can be observed in the presence of such anastomoses.
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Aligners: The Science of Clear Orthodontics 10.30954/IJDMS.1.2020.9 Category - Review Article
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4287
  • Abstract
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    • Since their inception, clear aligners have undergone multitude of advancements that aimed to make the orthodontic treatment less conspicuous. Used for moving teeth for alignment and creating healthy and beautiful smiles, like many other orthodontic appliances, clear aligners have proven to be a much more comfortable and esthetic alternative. The treatment success relies on clinicians’ knowledge and experience with the aligners, proper case selection, and the patients’ adherence to the treatment protocols. The area of exploration of this review is limited to providing an overview of the clear aligner treatment including benefits and limitations, principles and biomechanics of clear aligner treatment, materials used, methods of fabrication, and wear time. Umpteen manufacturers have emerged accounting for the increased demand by patients seeking orthodontic treatment, with the number increasing every year. It is outside the purview of this article to elucidate and compare the array of clear aligner systems available today.
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Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma: A Review and Case Report 10.30954/IJDMS.1.2020.10 Category - Case Report
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  • Abstract
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    • The peripheral ossifying fibroma appears as a solitary nodule, frequently occurring in the anterior maxilla. It begins in the cells of the periodontal ligament, and it is more common in children and young adults. Recent lesions are asymptomatic and patients can ignore their presence. However, in the absence of any treatment, they slowly increase in volume. In this paper, we describe a case report of a 40-year-old female patient reported with growth on gingiva in the upper left maxillary region of 1 year ago. The definitive diagnosis is established by histological analyze, which reveals the existence of highly cellular connective tissue with focal calcifications. Surgery is the treatment of choice, though the recurrence rate can reach 20%.
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Comprehensive Dental Management of a Medically Compromised Individual under Anticoagulant Therapy – A Victim of Rabid Dog Bite 10.30954/IJDMS.1.2020.11 Category - Case Report
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  • Abstract
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    • In India, about 15 million people are bitten by animals, mostly dogs, every year and need post-exposure prophylaxis. Most animal bites in India (91.5%) are by dogs, of which about 60% are strays and 40% pets. The incidence of animal bites is 17.4/1000 population. Oral anticoagulants are usually prescribed for patients recovering from cardiovascular diseases, ischemic incidents such as myocardial infarction and angina pectoris followed by cerebrovascular accidents. Patients are usually placed under antiplatelet or oral anticoagulants increase the hemorrhage risk after oral surgical procedures. Here, we report a case of a patient on anticoagulants who, while seeking dental treatment, was bitten by a rabid street dog and shed light on the decisions faced by a dental professional while treating such patients.
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Severe Bladder Outlet Obstruction in a 7-Week-Old Infant Presenting with Features of Prune Belly Syndrome: A Case Report 10.30954/IJDMS.1.2020.12 Category - Case Report
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  • Abstract
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    • Prune Belly syndrome is characterized by urinary tract anomalies, deficient abdominal muscle and bilateral cryptorchidism. It has an incidence of about 1 in 50,000 live births with male preponderance in 95%. This is a 7 weeks old male infant that was referred from a peripheral health care centre for a micturating cystourethrography on account of difficulty in micturition, distended abdomen and restlessness since birth. The patient had an abdominal ultrasonography that showed bilateral severe hydronephrosis, megaureters and thick-walled urinary bladder. A micturating cystourethrogram showed pine shaped urinary bladder with bilateral vesicoureteric reflux more marked on the right. Plain abdominal radiograph showed markedly distended abdomen and gas distended bowel loops with thinning of anterior abdominal wall muscles. The referring physician was advised to make a prompt referral of this case to a higher centre for better management. We report the radiologic findings of this case presenting with features of Prune Belly syndrome.
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International Journal of Dental and Medical Specialty | In Association with SMOD. 51055968 - Visitors since June 1, 2015

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